Ruling on one who enters ihraam after passing the meeqaat

If you entered ihraam after you passed the meeqaat, then you have to sacrifice one sheep on behalf of
yourself and another on behalf of your wife, to be slaughtered in Makkah and
the meat distributed to the poor there. 

It says in al-Mawsoo’ah
al-Fiqhiyyah (22/140): 

If a person passes the
meeqaat without entering ihraam, then he must go back to it and enter ihraam
from there if he can. If he goes back and enters ihraam from there, then he
does not have to offer a sacrifice, according to scholarly consensus,
because he entered ihraam from the meeqaat from which he was enjoined to do
so. 

But if he passed the
meeqaat and then entered ihraam, he must offer a sacrifice, whether he went
back to the meeqaat or not. This is according to the Maalikis and Hanbalis.
End quote. 

Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah
have mercy on him) was asked: what is the ruling on passing the meeqaat for
Hajj or ‘Umrah? 

He replied: 

It is not permissible for
the Muslim who wants to do Hajj or ‘Umrah to pass the meeqaat that he passes
through without entering ihraam. 

If he passes it without
entering ihraam, then he must go back to it and enter ihraam from there. 

If he fails to do that and
enters ihraam from a place that is within the boundary or closer to Makkah,
then he must offer a sacrifice according to many of the scholars, to be
slaughtered in Makkah and distributed to the poor, because he failed to do
an obligatory action, which is entering ihraam from the proper meeqaat as
prescribed in sharee’ah. End quote. 

Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz
(17/9). 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may
Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: I travelled by plane from Riyadh to
Jeddah with the intention of doing ‘Umrah, then the pilot announced that
after twenty five minutes we would be passing over the meeqaat, but I missed
the time of passing over the meeqaat by four or five minutes, and I
completed the rituals of ‘Umrah. What is the ruling? 

He replied: 

The ruling according to
what the scholars have said is that the questioner must sacrifice a sheep in
Makkah and distribute the meat to the poor; if he cannot afford that, then
Allaah does not burden any person beyond his scope. 

But I advise my brothers:
if the pilot announces that there are twenty five minutes or ten minutes,
they should enter ihraam, because some people sleep after that announcement
and doe not realize it until the plane is approaching Jeddah. If you enter
ihraam twenty five or fifteen minutes before reaching the meeqaat, or an
hour or two hours beforehand, there is nothing wrong with that, rather what
is wrong is delaying entering ihraam until one has passed the meeqaat. Five
minutes in a plane covers a long distance. 

So I say to the brother who
asked this question: sacrifice one fidyah in Makkah and distribute it to the
poor on behalf of each of you who did not enter ihraam until after the
meeqaat, but in the future, pay attention when the pilot makes the
announcement. The matter is broad in scope, so enter ihraam, and even if you
fall asleep after that it will not matter. End quote. 

Al-Liqa’ al-Shahri,
no. 56, question no. 4 

And Allaah knows best.