They found some gold in their house that belonged to a relative, who came back a month later to take it but they had lost it. What do they have to do?

Question: 158016

Once a relative visited us when he left (or forgot) a piece of gold in our home without telling us. On finding that gold, we notified him to come back to take it. But he didn’t come immediately, as he waited a whole month till he appeared again, during that time we have lost that piece of gold which was covered by an old paper. My father is an old man with a poor memory so maybe he has thrown this folded gold here or there not knowing it’s a gold. Now, we think of paying him back the half of estimation of that piece of gold price (as recompense) but nowadays the price of gold is doubled so paying a half equals paying all amount. question is must we give our relative a payment valued by gold price according to the time of buying (when our relative did buy that gold in the past) or according to the time of (current) selling (exactly when we have lost it)?.

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah and his family.

Firstly:

This gold that you found was a trust (amaanah) that was in
your care and that you had to take care of until its owner came to take it.
The ruling concerning a trust, if it is lost by the one in whose care it was
due to some shortcomings or negligence on his part is that he is liable for
it and must compensate its owner; if its loss was not due to any
shortcomings or negligence on his part then he is not liable and is not
obliged to do anything.

Ibn Qudaamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

Any item left in a person’s care is a trust (amaanah). If it
is lost or destroyed without any negligence on the part of the one to whom
it was entrusted, he is not liable regardless of whether any of the property
of the trustee was lost along with it or not. This is the view of the
majority of scholars.…

But if the trustee neglected it or fell short in taking care
of it and it was lost or destroyed, then he is liable and there is no
difference of scholarly opinion that we know of, because the one who
destroys the property of another is liable for it, as is also the case if he
destroys it without it having been entrusted to his care. End quote.

al-Mughni, 7/280

So you should have kept this gold in the same safe place
where you put your own gold, and you should not have put it with papers that
were easily accessible to people.

Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have
mercy on him) said:

Storing gold and silver is not like storing pots and pans.
Pots and pans are kept in clear view in the house and are not locked up, but
gold and silver are kept in boxes and chests and are locked away. End
quote.

Al-Sharh al-Mumti‘ ‘ala Zaad al-Mustaqni‘,
10/288

What appears to be the case is that you fell short in taking
care of this gold, so you are liable for it.

The basic principle with regard to liability is that you are
liable for replacing it with something similar to what it was on the day it
was lost. If it is not possible to replace it with something similar, then
you have to pay its value. If there is a piece of gold on the market that is
similar to the piece of gold that belonged to your relative, then he should
be given the choice of either having you buy it for him or you giving him
its price.

If there is no similar piece of gold in the market, then you
have to work out the value of his piece of gold at the time it was lost,
then give him its price.

Shaykh al-‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

What counts [with working out the value of a lost or
destroyed item] is the time when it was lost or destroyed, because that is
when it ceased to be in the possession of its owner, i.e., at the time when
it was lost or destroyed.

End quote.

Al-Sharh al-Mumti‘ ‘ala Zaad al-Mustaqni‘,
10/122

This is what you have to do for this relative, unless he
waives his rights in full or in part.

And Allah knows best.

Source:

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