His father is a very angry person who swears a lot, and there are a lot of arguments in the house

If you are not causing
his anger then there is no blame on you. But at the same time you are
obliged to treat him kindly and honour him. Allaah has enjoined honouring
one’s parents even if they believe in shirk (associating others in worship
with Allaah), so how about those whose sin is less than that?

With regard to your
moving out, if he agrees to that and it will be better for him, then
there is nothing wrong with it. Otherwise, strive to be patient in putting
up with what he does to you, for that will not be lost, and you will
meet it before Allaah (i.e., it will count in your favour on the Day
of Resurrection).

If a man who is employed
can put up with bad treatment from a boss, and bears his anger and insults
with patience for the sake of earning a living and keeping his job,
then you should certainly be able to put up with your father’s bad treatment
and insults for the sake of pleasing Allaah and earning His reward.
If he dies after you have been patient with him, you will not regret
it, but if he dies when you are opposing him and shunning him, you might
blame yourself and say, “If only I had been patient, if only I had put
up with him…” I hope that you will convey my salaams to your father
and tell him that whoever strives against his own nafs (self) and does
not get angry will attain Paradise, as the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told us. Tell him that destroying
furniture is a waste of money and is something which is haraam. According
to a saheeh hadeeth, the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) forbade us to waste money.
And tell him that the Prophet (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to restrain his tongue, so
let him follow his example, as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Indeed
in the Messenger of Allaah (Muhammad) you have a good example to follow”

[al-Ahzaab
33:21]

If your father gets
angry, do not try to advise him when he is in the heat of his anger,
for he might persist and get carried away. Offer him advice when his
anger has ceased and he has calmed down, for then he will be more likely
to respond. Make the person with whom your father isangry go away quietly
so as not to make matters worse. There is nothing wrong with you defending
your mother, in fact this is required of you, but not by means of you
physically fighting with your father. Rather you should take your mother
quietly away from the scene after reminding your father of Allaah and
advising him to seek refuge with Allaah from the Shaytaan. May Allaah
help you and may He help us and you to do all that is good.