It is not permissible for a non-Muslim to pray either in the ranks or on his own. What he has to do is to enter Islam before he prays, then to purify himself by doing ghusl and then fulfil the conditions of prayer.

1- Sunnah prayers are of two types: * Sunnah prayers which are done before the obligatory prayer – two rak’ahs before Fajr and four before Zhuhr. * Sunnah prayers which are done after the obligatory prayer – two rak’ahs after Zhuhr, two rak’ahs after Maghrib and two rak’ahs after ‘Isha. 2- It is not correct to pray the Sunnah prayer before the time for the obligatory prayer begins, rather you should wait until the time for that prayer comes, then pray it.

Prophet Muhammad said: “If any one of you feels drowsy when praying, let him sleep so that (when he gets up) he knows what he is reciting.” It may be understood that the degree of drowsiness referred to in the text is that where a person is unaware and does not understand what he is saying.

In a two-rak’ah prayer, a Muslim should say the normal tashahhud (first and second part) and follow it with the reported du`a and then he can say any du`a he likes.